How to Check a Used Car Before Buying

Buying a used car requires careful inspection to avoid costly mistakes. This comprehensive guide walks you through every check you should perform before making a purchase.

Before You View the Car

Before you even arrange a viewing, there are several important checks you should complete:

Exterior Inspection

A thorough exterior inspection can reveal previous accidents, poor repairs, and potential rust issues.

Body Panels

• Check all panels for dents, scratches, and misalignment
• Look for different paint shades indicating resprayed panels
• Run your hand along panel edges to feel for rough paint overspray
• Inspect door and boot shuts for original paint and undamaged edges

Glass and Lights

• Check windscreen for chips and cracks (especially in driver's vision)
• Verify all windows operate smoothly
• Test all lights including indicators, brake lights, and fog lights
• Look for condensation inside light clusters

Tires and Wheels

• Check tire tread depth (legal minimum 1.6mm, recommended 3mm+)
• Look for uneven wear patterns suggesting alignment or suspension issues
• Verify all tires are the same brand and specification if possible
• Inspect wheels for kerb damage and corrosion

Interior Inspection

The interior condition often reflects how well the car has been maintained.

Cabin Condition

• Check for wear on seats, steering wheel, and pedals (should match mileage)
• Test all seat adjustments and heating functions
• Look for signs of water damage or musty smells
• Verify all seatbelts work properly and show no damage

Electronics and Features

• Test air conditioning and heating systems
• Check infotainment system, radio, and speakers
• Verify electric windows, mirrors, and sunroof operation
• Test all dashboard warning lights (should illuminate then extinguish)

Under the Bonnet

Engine bay inspection can reveal maintenance issues and potential problems.

Engine Checks

• Look for oil leaks around engine and underneath vehicle
• Check oil level and condition (should be clean, not black or milky)
• Inspect coolant level and color (shouldn't be rusty)
• Check brake fluid reservoir (should be clear, not dark)
• Look for corrosion on battery terminals
• Check condition of drive belts for cracks or fraying

The Test Drive

A test drive is your opportunity to assess how the car performs on the road.

Before Starting

• Ensure you're properly insured to drive the vehicle
• Check the seller has valid insurance that covers test drives
• Plan a route including various road types and conditions

During the Drive

• Starting: Engine should start easily without excessive cranking
• Idling: Should be smooth without vibrations or irregular sounds
• Acceleration: Should be responsive with no hesitation or smoke
• Braking: Should be progressive and straight with no pulling
• Steering: Should be responsive with no excessive play or vibration
• Transmission: Gears should engage smoothly without grinding
• Suspension: Should absorb bumps without excessive bouncing or noise

Warning Signs

Documentation Check

Proper documentation is essential for a legitimate vehicle purchase.

Essential Documents

• V5C Registration Certificate: Should be in seller's name with no corrections
• Service History: Full dealer or independent garage stamps preferred
• MOT Certificates: Previous certificates showing mileage history
• Receipts: Major work like cambelt, clutch, or repairs
• Owner's Manual: Original handbook and service book
• Spare Keys: At least two working keys with immobilizer chips

Final Checklist

Before making your final decision, ensure you can answer "yes" to these questions:

Remember: If anything doesn't feel right, walk away. There are always other cars available, and rushing into a purchase can lead to expensive mistakes.